What is Diabetes mellitus? Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic dusease. Whe you have diabestes, your blood sugar level will be too high. Diabetes prevents your body from converting food into energy. That is why you may feel tired and exhausted, especially after eating. Managing diabetes means making some of the changes that may be difficult at first. Medical team will help you.

Regularly check your blood glucose

You will definitely check your blood sugar every day. This for the quarter references your blood in your tomb or not.
The team of medical staff members will tell you the frequency and duration of the test.
When there is blood glucose in the target, eating plan, plan activity and your medication will be helpful for your health.

If the age of the norm or higher or too low, the staff will be able to make some changes in the plan, smoking or planning the medication of the quarter.

Diabetes mellitus include 2 type: diabetes 1 type and diabetest 2 type.

Diabetes mellitus type 1, also called type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease that results in high blood sugar. People with this condition are insulin dependent - they require insulin injections without which they may die. People with type 1 diabetes are at increased risk of stroke, heart disease or gangrene. About 15% of people with diabetes have type 1.

Type 1 diabetes is a condition caused by a lack of insulin in the body. Insulin is a hormone produced by cells in the pancreas. Insulin is responsible for moving sugars out of the blood and into cells to be used for energy. If insulin is not made, the body will search for other ways to get the sugars needed to feed the body's cells, including breaking down muscle and fat, leading to a loss of weight.

Insulin is not being produced in the pancreas due to an autoimmune condition attacking its cells. The body's immune system mistakenly attacks the cells responsible for producing insulin in the pancreas, the beta cell, damaging the cells in a way the prevents them from producing more insulin. As more and more cells are damaged, less insulin is produced in the body. This means that more sugar remains in the bloodstream rather then being moved into cells. This high blood sugar causes the symptoms seen in type 1 diabetes.

The disease is thought to be strongly linked to genetic factors, but the trigger that starts the autoimmune disease is not currently known
Symptoms

 Feeling very thirsty
- Urinating more often then normal, especially at night
- Exhaustion
- Loss of weight
- Itchiness around the genital area
- Blurring of sight
- Slow healing of wounds and grazes
Nausea, vomiting and heavy breathing are more serious symptoms. They occur at a later stage in the disease, and if they're seen a sufferer should be taken to hospital immediately.
Sufferers of type 1 diabetes may have to deal with both short-term and long-term complications.

Type 2 diabetes

Diabetes mellitus type 2 (or adult-onset diabetes) is a metabolic disorder where high levels of blood sugar occur. Left untreated, it can cause heart attacks, strokes, blindness and kidney failure.

Normally, blood sugar level is regulated by insulin, but in type 2 diabetes this does not work properly. Insulin is a hormone which tells the muscle and fat cells of the body to take up sugar from the blood. If there is too much sugar in the blood for a long period of time, the muscle and fat cells start to ignore insulin. As a result, sugar stays in the blood and is not taken up, leading to a high blood sugar.

This situation is different from diabetes mellitus type 1. In this case, the islet cells, which make insulin in the pancreas, have been destroyed by the body, and as a result there is no insulin.Diabetes type 1 usually occurs in children or young adults, whilst diabetes type 2 usually occurs in older people. However, recently childhood obesity has led to some young adults and teenagers developing type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes makes up around 90% of cases of diabetes, while type 1 diabetes and other types of diabetes make up the other 10%.

Type 2 diabetes is a result of both genetics and lifestyle. People who have relatives with diabetes type 2 are at an increased risk. They may develop diabetes if they have other risk factors in their lifestyle, for example obesity or low amount of exercise.

Poorly managed diabetes can lead to heart attacks, strokes, blindness and kidney failure

Treatment
Type 2 diabetes can often be treated just by losing weight and exercising more, as these increase the body’s sensitivity to insulin. A medicine called Metformin is often prescribed, which works by helping the fat and muscle cells of the body listen to the signal from insulin to take up sugar from the blood.

Healthy eating: eating a diet focused on fruit and vegetables, whilst limiting fats, salt and sugar helps keep blood sugar levels in check.
Exercise: regular physical activity helps to lower your blood sugar level. A good goal to aim for is 150 minutes of exercise a week.
Stopping smoking: smoking further increases the risk of heart disease, peripheral arterial disease and stroke. Stopping or reducing smoking will reduce the risk of these complications.
Reducing alcohol: alcohol can either raise or lower blood sugar, and makes it difficult to monitor your own blood sugar levels. Drinking alcohol in moderation can reduce these risks.

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